# How does Elasticsearch convert dates to JSON string representations?

**URL:** <https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783>\
**Category:** Elasticsearch\
**Created:** [March 20, 2015, 5:16pm UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783 "2015-03-20T17:16:54Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 6\
**Page:** 1

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Erik\_Iverson](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/e/94ad74/32.png) [@Erik\_Iverson](https://discuss.elastic.co/u/Erik_Iverson)\
**Post date:** [March 20, 2015, 5:16pm UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783/1 "2015-03-20T17:16:54Z")

</div>

Hello everyone,

I have a question on how Elasticsearch returns JSON representations of  
fields with the "date" type. My confusion comes from the fact that the page  
[http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-core-types.html](http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-core-types.html)  
says:

"The date type is a special type which maps to JSON string type. It follows  
a specific format that can be explicitly set. _All dates are UTC.  
Internally, a date maps to a number type long, with the added parsing stage  
from string to long and from long to string._" (emphasis mine)

It sounds like dates are stored as type 'long'. But when I POST documents  
with dates and then retrieve them, they are returned in the same format as  
I POSTed them. So it appears ES is storing how I POSTed each date  
somewhere.

I have a reproducible curl example demonstrating my confusion in more  
detail on Stackoverflow here:

> <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29157945/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations>

Thank you for any insights!

Best,  
--Erik Iverson

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**Author:** ![roger](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/r/c0e974/32.png) [@roger](https://discuss.elastic.co/u/roger)\
**Post date:** [March 20, 2015, 5:22pm UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783/2 "2015-03-20T17:22:48Z")

</div>

Elastic won't edit your source. The long type is used internally

2015-03-20 14:16 GMT-03:00 Erik Iverson [erikriverson@gmail.com](mailto:erikriverson@gmail.com):

> Hello everyone,
> 
> I have a question on how Elasticsearch returns JSON representations of  
> fields with the "date" type. My confusion comes from the fact that the page  
> [Field data types | Elasticsearch Guide [8.11] | Elastic](http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-core-types.html)  
> says:
> 
> "The date type is a special type which maps to JSON string type. It  
> follows a specific format that can be explicitly set. _All dates are UTC.  
> Internally, a date maps to a number type long, with the added parsing stage  
> from string to long and from long to string._" (emphasis mine)
> 
> It sounds like dates are stored as type 'long'. But when I POST documents  
> with dates and then retrieve them, they are returned in the same format as  
> I POSTed them. So it appears ES is storing how I POSTed each date  
> somewhere.
> 
> I have a reproducible curl example demonstrating my confusion in more  
> detail on Stackoverflow here:
> 
> [datetime - How does Elasticsearch convert dates to JSON string representations? - Stack Overflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29157945/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations)
> 
> Thank you for any insights!
> 
> Best,  
> --Erik Iverson
> 
> --  
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> [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm\_medium=email&utm\_source=footer](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer)  
> .  
> For more options, visit [https://groups.google.com/d/optout](https://groups.google.com/d/optout).

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**Author:** ![warkolm](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/elastic/user_avatar/discuss.elastic.co/warkolm/32/39224_2.png) [@warkolm](https://discuss.elastic.co/u/warkolm)\
**Post date:** [March 20, 2015, 7:16pm UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783/3 "2015-03-20T19:16:29Z")

</div>

It's Elasticsearch, Elastic is the company 🙂

We convert dates to unix epoch, which is why you should insert them as UTC.

On 20 March 2015 at 10:22, Roger de Cordova Farias \<  
roger.farias@fontec.inf.br\> wrote:

> Elastic won't edit your source. The long type is used internally
> 
> 2015-03-20 14:16 GMT-03:00 Erik Iverson [erikriverson@gmail.com](mailto:erikriverson@gmail.com):
> 
> Hello everyone,
> 
> > I have a question on how Elasticsearch returns JSON representations of  
> > fields with the "date" type. My confusion comes from the fact that the page  
> > [Field data types | Elasticsearch Guide [8.11] | Elastic](http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-core-types.html)  
> > says:
> > 
> > "The date type is a special type which maps to JSON string type. It  
> > follows a specific format that can be explicitly set. _All dates are  
> > UTC. Internally, a date maps to a number type long, with the added parsing  
> > stage from string to long and from long to string._" (emphasis mine)
> > 
> > It sounds like dates are stored as type 'long'. But when I POST documents  
> > with dates and then retrieve them, they are returned in the same format as  
> > I POSTed them. So it appears ES is storing how I POSTed each date  
> > somewhere.
> > 
> > I have a reproducible curl example demonstrating my confusion in more  
> > detail on Stackoverflow here:
> > 
> > [datetime - How does Elasticsearch convert dates to JSON string representations? - Stack Overflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29157945/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations)
> > 
> > Thank you for any insights!
> > 
> > Best,  
> > --Erik Iverson
> > 
> > --  
> > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups  
> > "elasticsearch" group.  
> > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an  
> > email to [elasticsearch+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com](mailto:elasticsearch+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com).  
> > To view this discussion on the web visit  
> > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com)  
> > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm\_medium=email&utm\_source=footer](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer)  
> > .  
> > For more options, visit [https://groups.google.com/d/optout](https://groups.google.com/d/optout).
> 
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> .
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**Author:** ![roger](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/r/c0e974/32.png) [@roger](https://discuss.elastic.co/u/roger)\
**Post date:** [March 20, 2015, 7:39pm UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783/4 "2015-03-20T19:39:40Z")

</div>

Well, the company won't edit his source anyway 😛 (but I get your point,  
I'm used to refer to Elasticsearch as Elastic, I have to fix it)

I think his question is: he posts a document with a date in string format  
and retrieve it in the same format. He was expecting to retrieve it as long  
type since it is the type Elasticsearch uses internally.

I'm not familiar with the internal code of Elasticsearch, but as far as I  
know, it won't change the source during indexing. It probably uses long  
type in the index, but when you retrieve the source, you retrieve the  
exactly source you posted

2015-03-20 16:16 GMT-03:00 Mark Walkom [markwalkom@gmail.com](mailto:markwalkom@gmail.com):

> It's Elasticsearch, Elastic is the company 🙂
> 
> We convert dates to unix epoch, which is why you should insert them as UTC.
> 
> On 20 March 2015 at 10:22, Roger de Cordova Farias \<  
> roger.farias@fontec.inf.br\> wrote:
> 
> > Elastic won't edit your source. The long type is used internally
> > 
> > 2015-03-20 14:16 GMT-03:00 Erik Iverson [erikriverson@gmail.com](mailto:erikriverson@gmail.com):
> > 
> > Hello everyone,
> > 
> > > I have a question on how Elasticsearch returns JSON representations of  
> > > fields with the "date" type. My confusion comes from the fact that the page  
> > > [Field data types | Elasticsearch Guide [8.11] | Elastic](http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-core-types.html)  
> > > says:
> > > 
> > > "The date type is a special type which maps to JSON string type. It  
> > > follows a specific format that can be explicitly set. _All dates are  
> > > UTC. Internally, a date maps to a number type long, with the added parsing  
> > > stage from string to long and from long to string._" (emphasis mine)
> > > 
> > > It sounds like dates are stored as type 'long'. But when I POST  
> > > documents with dates and then retrieve them, they are returned in the same  
> > > format as I POSTed them. So it appears ES is storing how I POSTed each date  
> > > somewhere.
> > > 
> > > I have a reproducible curl example demonstrating my confusion in more  
> > > detail on Stackoverflow here:
> > > 
> > > [datetime - How does Elasticsearch convert dates to JSON string representations? - Stack Overflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29157945/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations)
> > > 
> > > Thank you for any insights!
> > > 
> > > Best,  
> > > --Erik Iverson
> > > 
> > > --  
> > > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google  
> > > Groups "elasticsearch" group.  
> > > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send  
> > > an email to [elasticsearch+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com](mailto:elasticsearch+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com).  
> > > To view this discussion on the web visit  
> > > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com)  
> > > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm\_medium=email&utm\_source=footer](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer)  
> > > .  
> > > For more options, visit [https://groups.google.com/d/optout](https://groups.google.com/d/optout).
> > 
> > --  
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> > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/CAJp2530Vwz99jV1K0JWNpGkOvR23PhHPAPacc-oROO0hZFjA0g%40mail.gmail.com?utm\_medium=email&utm\_source=footer](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/CAJp2530Vwz99jV1K0JWNpGkOvR23PhHPAPacc-oROO0hZFjA0g%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer)  
> > .
> > 
> > For more options, visit [https://groups.google.com/d/optout](https://groups.google.com/d/optout).
> 
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> .
> 
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**Author:** ![warkolm](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/elastic/user_avatar/discuss.elastic.co/warkolm/32/39224_2.png) [@warkolm](https://discuss.elastic.co/u/warkolm)\
**Post date:** [March 20, 2015, 7:59pm UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783/5 "2015-03-20T19:59:08Z")

</div>

Ah ok, we convert between these formats so it's completely transparent to  
the end user and easier to store under the hood.

On 20 March 2015 at 12:39, Roger de Cordova Farias \<  
roger.farias@fontec.inf.br\> wrote:

> Well, the company won't edit his source anyway 😛 (but I get your point,  
> I'm used to refer to Elasticsearch as Elastic, I have to fix it)
> 
> I think his question is: he posts a document with a date in string format  
> and retrieve it in the same format. He was expecting to retrieve it as long  
> type since it is the type Elasticsearch uses internally.
> 
> I'm not familiar with the internal code of Elasticsearch, but as far as I  
> know, it won't change the source during indexing. It probably uses long  
> type in the index, but when you retrieve the source, you retrieve the  
> exactly source you posted
> 
> 2015-03-20 16:16 GMT-03:00 Mark Walkom [markwalkom@gmail.com](mailto:markwalkom@gmail.com):
> 
> > It's Elasticsearch, Elastic is the company 🙂
> > 
> > We convert dates to unix epoch, which is why you should insert them as  
> > UTC.
> > 
> > On 20 March 2015 at 10:22, Roger de Cordova Farias \<  
> > roger.farias@fontec.inf.br\> wrote:
> > 
> > > Elastic won't edit your source. The long type is used internally
> > > 
> > > 2015-03-20 14:16 GMT-03:00 Erik Iverson [erikriverson@gmail.com](mailto:erikriverson@gmail.com):
> > > 
> > > Hello everyone,
> > > 
> > > > I have a question on how Elasticsearch returns JSON representations of  
> > > > fields with the "date" type. My confusion comes from the fact that the page  
> > > > [Field data types | Elasticsearch Guide [8.11] | Elastic](http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-core-types.html)  
> > > > says:
> > > > 
> > > > "The date type is a special type which maps to JSON string type. It  
> > > > follows a specific format that can be explicitly set. _All dates are  
> > > > UTC. Internally, a date maps to a number type long, with the added parsing  
> > > > stage from string to long and from long to string._" (emphasis mine)
> > > > 
> > > > It sounds like dates are stored as type 'long'. But when I POST  
> > > > documents with dates and then retrieve them, they are returned in the same  
> > > > format as I POSTed them. So it appears ES is storing how I POSTed each date  
> > > > somewhere.
> > > > 
> > > > I have a reproducible curl example demonstrating my confusion in more  
> > > > detail on Stackoverflow here:
> > > > 
> > > > [datetime - How does Elasticsearch convert dates to JSON string representations? - Stack Overflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29157945/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations)
> > > > 
> > > > Thank you for any insights!
> > > > 
> > > > Best,  
> > > > --Erik Iverson
> > > > 
> > > > --  
> > > > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google  
> > > > Groups "elasticsearch" group.  
> > > > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send  
> > > > an email to [elasticsearch+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com](mailto:elasticsearch+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com).  
> > > > To view this discussion on the web visit  
> > > > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com)  
> > > > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm\_medium=email&utm\_source=footer](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/add6bafe-bdba-406e-b95d-ade17d0a9df5%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer)  
> > > > .  
> > > > For more options, visit [https://groups.google.com/d/optout](https://groups.google.com/d/optout).
> > > 
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> > > [https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/CAJp2530Vwz99jV1K0JWNpGkOvR23PhHPAPacc-oROO0hZFjA0g%40mail.gmail.com?utm\_medium=email&utm\_source=footer](https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/elasticsearch/CAJp2530Vwz99jV1K0JWNpGkOvR23PhHPAPacc-oROO0hZFjA0g%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer)  
> > > .
> > > 
> > > For more options, visit [https://groups.google.com/d/optout](https://groups.google.com/d/optout).
> > 
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---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![system](https://us1.discourse-cdn.com/elastic/original/3X/1/a/1ac57faf039f6b580b3f104ef42a2a89e41014de.png) [@system](https://discuss.elastic.co/u/system)\
**Post date:** [July 6, 2017, 12:25am UTC](https://discuss.elastic.co/t/how-does-elasticsearch-convert-dates-to-json-string-representations/22783/6 "2017-07-06T00:25:17Z")

</div>


