While I never did get the file.output working, I was able to get output.console working.
There was a typo in the configs:
file.input:
Should be
file.inputs
The full working config is:
filebeat.inputs:
- type: log
enabled: true
paths:
- /tmp/foobar.log
filebeat.config.modules:
path: ${path.config}/modules.d/*.yml
reload.enabled: true
reload.period: 10s
setup.template.settings:
index.number_of_shards: 1
setup.kibana:
output.elasticsearch:
enabled: false
output.console:
enabled: true
pretty: true
processors:
- add_host_metadata: ~
- add_cloud_metadata: ~