With augment, your .json file would look like
{ "1001": { "lat":123,"lon":23 }, "1002": {"lat":43,"lon":43 } }
The logstash config would be:
augment {
target => "[location]"
field => "your_key_field"
dictionary_path => "geocode.json"
}
I'd assume it'd be similar with translate. You would also have to add a mapping to your index to make location a geo_point