New Plugin: logstash-filter-augment - Enhance your events from external data files

With augment, your .json file would look like

{ "1001": { "lat":123,"lon":23 }, "1002": {"lat":43,"lon":43 } }

The logstash config would be:

augment  {
  target => "[location]"
  field => "your_key_field"
  dictionary_path => "geocode.json"
}

I'd assume it'd be similar with translate. You would also have to add a mapping to your index to make location a geo_point