Unable to connect Logstash with Elasticsearch

Since it's clear you wanted your grok rule to work, I took the liberty of adding type => "apache-access" to your config, so the conditional if statement would have something to match against:

input {
  file {
    path => "/Users/buh/test_access_log"
    start_position => "beginning"
    sincedb_path => "/Users/buh/mysincedb"
    type => "apache-access"
  }
}

Now, I delete the sincedb file:

rm /Users/buh/mysincedb

(I also deleted the index in Elasticsearch so it would be a fresh start)

Now, when I re-run bin/logstash -f test.conf --debug, I see what you were probably expecting:

[2017-04-24T13:41:50,598][INFO ][logstash.pipeline        ] Starting pipeline {"id"=>"main", "pipeline.workers"=>8, "pipeline.batch.size"=>125, "pipeline.batch.delay"=>5, "pipeline.max_inflight"=>1000}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,703][INFO ][logstash.pipeline        ] Pipeline main started
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,705][DEBUG][logstash.inputs.file     ] _globbed_files: /Users/buh/test_access_log: glob is: ["/Users/buh/test_access_log"]
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,706][DEBUG][logstash.inputs.file     ] _discover_file: /Users/buh/test_access_log: new: /Users/buh/test_access_log (exclude is [])
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,707][DEBUG][logstash.inputs.file     ] _open_file: /Users/buh/test_access_log: opening
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,707][DEBUG][logstash.inputs.file     ] /Users/buh/test_access_log: initial create, no sincedb, seeking to beginning of file
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,707][DEBUG][logstash.inputs.file     ] Received line {:path=>"/Users/buh/test_access_log", :text=>"177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] \"GET / HTTP/1.0\" 200 612 \"-\" \"Wget(linux)\""}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,714][DEBUG][logstash.agent           ] Starting puma
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,715][DEBUG][logstash.agent           ] Trying to start WebServer {:port=>9600}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,716][DEBUG][logstash.api.service     ] [api-service] start
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,726][DEBUG][logstash.inputs.file     ] writing sincedb (delta since last write = 1493062910)
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,732][DEBUG][logstash.pipeline        ] filter received {"event"=>{"path"=>"/Users/buh/test_access_log", "@timestamp"=>2017-04-24T19:41:50.724Z, "@version"=>"1", "host"=>"localhost.local", "message"=>"177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] \"GET / HTTP/1.0\" 200 612 \"-\" \"Wget(linux)\"", "type"=>"apache-access"}}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,733][DEBUG][logstash.filters.grok    ] Running grok filter {:event=>2017-04-24T19:41:50.724Z localhost.local 177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 200 612 "-" "Wget(linux)"}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,739][DEBUG][logstash.filters.grok    ] Event now:  {:event=>2017-04-24T19:41:50.724Z localhost.local 177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 200 612 "-" "Wget(linux)"}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,746][DEBUG][logstash.pipeline        ] output received {"event"=>{"request"=>"/", "agent"=>"\"Wget(linux)\"", "auth"=>"-", "ident"=>"-", "verb"=>"GET", "message"=>"177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] \"GET / HTTP/1.0\" 200 612 \"-\" \"Wget(linux)\"", "type"=>"apache-access", "path"=>"/Users/buh/test_access_log", "referrer"=>"\"-\"", "@timestamp"=>2017-04-24T13:37:50.000Z, "response"=>"200", "bytes"=>"612", "clientip"=>"177.140.155.68", "@version"=>"1", "host"=>"localhost.local", "httpversion"=>"1.0", "timestamp"=>"24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000"}}
[2017-04-24T13:41:50,747][INFO ][logstash.agent           ] Successfully started Logstash API endpoint {:port=>9600}
{
        "request" => "/",
          "agent" => "\"Wget(linux)\"",
           "auth" => "-",
          "ident" => "-",
           "verb" => "GET",
        "message" => "177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] \"GET / HTTP/1.0\" 200 612 \"-\" \"Wget(linux)\"",
           "type" => "apache-access",
           "path" => "/Users/buh/test_access_log",
       "referrer" => "\"-\"",
     "@timestamp" => 2017-04-24T13:37:50.000Z,
       "response" => "200",
          "bytes" => "612",
       "clientip" => "177.140.155.68",
       "@version" => "1",
           "host" => "localhost.local",
    "httpversion" => "1.0",
      "timestamp" => "24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000"
}
^C[2017-04-24T13:41:53,503][WARN ][logstash.runner          ] SIGINT received. Shutting down the agent.

And again, when queried from Elasticsearch:

$ curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/logstash-2017.04.24/_search?pretty -d '
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}
'
{
  "took" : 29,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "logstash-2017.04.24",
        "_type" : "apache-access",
        "_id" : "AVuhfAPwRx488yJUxuVA",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "request" : "/",
          "agent" : "\"Wget(linux)\"",
          "auth" : "-",
          "ident" : "-",
          "verb" : "GET",
          "message" : "177.140.155.68 - - [24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000] \"GET / HTTP/1.0\" 200 612 \"-\" \"Wget(linux)\"",
          "type" : "apache-access",
          "path" : "/Users/buh/test_access_log",
          "referrer" : "\"-\"",
          "@timestamp" : "2017-04-24T13:37:50.000Z",
          "response" : "200",
          "bytes" : "612",
          "clientip" : "177.140.155.68",
          "@version" : "1",
          "host" : "localhost.local",
          "httpversion" : "1.0",
          "timestamp" : "24/Apr/2017:13:37:50 +0000"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Everything works, and /Users/buh/mysincedb is again updated, per the log file:

$ cat /Users/buh/mysincedb
58694687 1 4 91