In the marks array, find the code for the text mark (shown below,) and add a fill property with the color you want, i.e. "fill": {"value": "red"}. I've added it to the code below for illustration.
My code may be a bit different from the version you linked to in your post, but this should point you in the right direction.
Astrit
{
"type": "text",
"from": {"data": "groups"},
"interactive": false,
"encode": {
"update": {
"x": {
"signal": "scale('x', datum.stack) + (datum.rightLabel ? bandwidth('x') + 8 : -8)"
},
"yc": {
"signal": "(datum.scaledY0 + datum.scaledY1)/2"
},
"align": {
"signal": "datum.rightLabel ? 'left' : 'right'"
},
"baseline": {"value": "middle"},
"fontWeight": {"value": "bold"},
"fill": {"value": "red"},
"text": {
"signal": "abs(datum.scaledY0-datum.scaledY1) > 13 ? datum.grpId : ''"
}
}
}
}