How to ignore field length in search time?

I know I can disable the field length norm on a field in index time with following like mapping:

{
"mappings": {
"doc": {
"properties": {
"text": {
"type": "string",
"norms": { "enabled": false }
}
}
}
}
}

But is it possible to disable the length norm in search time on an already created index?

You can pass in search time analysers, yes.
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-analyzer.html