To Raid or not to Raid

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create replicas
to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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Striping raid is viable for 2 or 3 disks because of the redundancy.
Software raid works fine for me. Hardware raid enables battery backed write
behind but I don't know how important that is with ssds. Either way, we go
2xSSDs per server with os in mirrored raid and data striped.

Depending on your data you may want spinning disks instead, then battery
backed writes are probably a bigger win.
On Dec 12, 2014 7:32 AM, "Elvar Böðvarsson" elvarb@gmail.com wrote:

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create
replicas to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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This would be for log storage, plan is to go with HDD's for the long term
storage and SSD's for short term storage. Total storage will be maybe 8tb
total, using replica's would bring that to 16tb and if using raid1 or
raid10 would bring total raw storage up to 32tb

On Friday, December 12, 2014 1:30:32 PM UTC, Nikolas Everett wrote:

Striping raid is viable for 2 or 3 disks because of the redundancy.
Software raid works fine for me. Hardware raid enables battery backed write
behind but I don't know how important that is with ssds. Either way, we go
2xSSDs per server with os in mirrored raid and data striped.

Depending on your data you may want spinning disks instead, then battery
backed writes are probably a bigger win.
On Dec 12, 2014 7:32 AM, "Elvar Böðvarsson" <elv...@gmail.com
<javascript:>> wrote:

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create
replicas to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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If you can architect around the loss of a node and subsequent recovery,
then I reckon it's worth testing the notion of not running RAID.

On 12 December 2014 at 14:30, Nikolas Everett nik9000@gmail.com wrote:

Striping raid is viable for 2 or 3 disks because of the redundancy.
Software raid works fine for me. Hardware raid enables battery backed write
behind but I don't know how important that is with ssds. Either way, we go
2xSSDs per server with os in mirrored raid and data striped.

Depending on your data you may want spinning disks instead, then battery
backed writes are probably a bigger win.
On Dec 12, 2014 7:32 AM, "Elvar Böðvarsson" elvarb@gmail.com wrote:

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create
replicas to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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It's a risk thing, you need to be comfy with the risk of losing one disk
and all that it entails.
If you can mitigate that through a process and you are happy with the
remaining risk, then :slight_smile:

On 12 December 2014 at 16:13, Elvar Böðvarsson elvarb@gmail.com wrote:

This would be for log storage, plan is to go with HDD's for the long term
storage and SSD's for short term storage. Total storage will be maybe 8tb
total, using replica's would bring that to 16tb and if using raid1 or
raid10 would bring total raw storage up to 32tb

On Friday, December 12, 2014 1:30:32 PM UTC, Nikolas Everett wrote:

Striping raid is viable for 2 or 3 disks because of the redundancy.
Software raid works fine for me. Hardware raid enables battery backed write
behind but I don't know how important that is with ssds. Either way, we go
2xSSDs per server with os in mirrored raid and data striped.

Depending on your data you may want spinning disks instead, then battery
backed writes are probably a bigger win.
On Dec 12, 2014 7:32 AM, "Elvar Böðvarsson" elv...@gmail.com wrote:

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create
replicas to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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I cannot put my finger on it, but I think I recall that someone in this
group once said that ES is IO intensive, that RAID would slow things down,
arguing in favor of redundant servers over RAID. Does that still make sense?

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 8:00 AM, Mark Walkom markwalkom@gmail.com wrote:

It's a risk thing, you need to be comfy with the risk of losing one disk
and all that it entails.
If you can mitigate that through a process and you are happy with the
remaining risk, then :slight_smile:

On 12 December 2014 at 16:13, Elvar Böðvarsson elvarb@gmail.com wrote:

This would be for log storage, plan is to go with HDD's for the long term
storage and SSD's for short term storage. Total storage will be maybe 8tb
total, using replica's would bring that to 16tb and if using raid1 or
raid10 would bring total raw storage up to 32tb

On Friday, December 12, 2014 1:30:32 PM UTC, Nikolas Everett wrote:

Striping raid is viable for 2 or 3 disks because of the redundancy.
Software raid works fine for me. Hardware raid enables battery backed write
behind but I don't know how important that is with ssds. Either way, we go
2xSSDs per server with os in mirrored raid and data striped.

Depending on your data you may want spinning disks instead, then battery
backed writes are probably a bigger win.
On Dec 12, 2014 7:32 AM, "Elvar Böðvarsson" elv...@gmail.com wrote:

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create
replicas to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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1 Like

Just went through these slides

First of all, thats one HUGE cluster

Second, "Prefer JBODs for data disks over RAID, SAN/NAS", would be ok,
maybe then to be safe go with 2x replicas, goes well with having 3x nodes

On Friday, December 12, 2014 4:18:01 PM UTC, Jack Park wrote:

I cannot put my finger on it, but I think I recall that someone in this
group once said that ES is IO intensive, that RAID would slow things down,
arguing in favor of redundant servers over RAID. Does that still make sense?

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 8:00 AM, Mark Walkom <markw...@gmail.com
<javascript:>> wrote:

It's a risk thing, you need to be comfy with the risk of losing one disk
and all that it entails.
If you can mitigate that through a process and you are happy with the
remaining risk, then :slight_smile:

On 12 December 2014 at 16:13, Elvar Böðvarsson <elv...@gmail.com
<javascript:>> wrote:

This would be for log storage, plan is to go with HDD's for the long
term storage and SSD's for short term storage. Total storage will be maybe
8tb total, using replica's would bring that to 16tb and if using raid1 or
raid10 would bring total raw storage up to 32tb

On Friday, December 12, 2014 1:30:32 PM UTC, Nikolas Everett wrote:

Striping raid is viable for 2 or 3 disks because of the redundancy.
Software raid works fine for me. Hardware raid enables battery backed write
behind but I don't know how important that is with ssds. Either way, we go
2xSSDs per server with os in mirrored raid and data striped.

Depending on your data you may want spinning disks instead, then
battery backed writes are probably a bigger win.
On Dec 12, 2014 7:32 AM, "Elvar Böðvarsson" elv...@gmail.com wrote:

When running Elasticsearch on physical hardware you have it create
replicas to make sure no node is a single point of failure. From everyone's
experiance should I use Hardware Raid as well, or is it not needed?

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The statement is related to performance and I can't agree with it. You can
easily build a RAID 0 system which has massive I/O throughput performance
and is superior to JBOD, because RAID striping does not slow things down,
it is as always as much as fast than a single drive and in most RAID levels
it is much faster.

In the past, RAID was invented for mirroring cheap and error-prone spindle
disk arrays, while mirrors increase costs but decrease fault probability.

With Elasticsearch, the decision is if you still want to handle disk faults
by drive redundancy (RAID) and all other hardware faults like power outages
by server downtime. This is just a matter of organization and of cost. I
would suggest from my experience: take control over your complete hardware
setup, equip your systems with expensive SAS2 (or even better) controllers
with RAID 0 to reduce cost and maximize performance, and handle all kind of
hardware faults by server downtime, because ES replica level > 0 allows
that.

There is also a simplification of SAN/NAS in the statement but that is a
different discussion. Never use SAN/NAS for ES local gateway.

Jörg

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 7:28 PM, Elvar Böðvarsson elvarb@gmail.com wrote:

Second, "Prefer JBODs for data disks over RAID, SAN/NAS", would be ok,
maybe then to be safe go with 2x replicas, goes well with having 3x nodes

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If you have a node that has 4x disks as JBOD and you configure
Elasticsearch to use all of them, so it will write to as like its Raid0.

How does Elasticsearch handle a failure of one disk?
Will the whole node go down or will Elasticsearch continue to function just
with lower total available storage? (and then recreate the shards that went
down)

On Saturday, December 13, 2014 3:48:55 PM UTC, Jörg Prante wrote:

The statement is related to performance and I can't agree with it. You can
easily build a RAID 0 system which has massive I/O throughput performance
and is superior to JBOD, because RAID striping does not slow things down,
it is as always as much as fast than a single drive and in most RAID levels
it is much faster.

In the past, RAID was invented for mirroring cheap and error-prone spindle
disk arrays, while mirrors increase costs but decrease fault probability.

With Elasticsearch, the decision is if you still want to handle disk
faults by drive redundancy (RAID) and all other hardware faults like power
outages by server downtime. This is just a matter of organization and of
cost. I would suggest from my experience: take control over your complete
hardware setup, equip your systems with expensive SAS2 (or even better)
controllers with RAID 0 to reduce cost and maximize performance, and handle
all kind of hardware faults by server downtime, because ES replica level >
0 allows that.

There is also a simplification of SAN/NAS in the statement but that is a
different discussion. Never use SAN/NAS for ES local gateway.

Jörg

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 7:28 PM, Elvar Böðvarsson <elv...@gmail.com
<javascript:>> wrote:

Second, "Prefer JBODs for data disks over RAID, SAN/NAS", would be ok,
maybe then to be safe go with 2x replicas, goes well with having 3x nodes

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Unfortunately you lose all data on the node as ES will stripe segments
across the disks/mount points.

On 15 December 2014 at 11:45, Elvar Böðvarsson elvarb@gmail.com wrote:

If you have a node that has 4x disks as JBOD and you configure
Elasticsearch to use all of them, so it will write to as like its Raid0.

How does Elasticsearch handle a failure of one disk?
Will the whole node go down or will Elasticsearch continue to function
just with lower total available storage? (and then recreate the shards that
went down)

On Saturday, December 13, 2014 3:48:55 PM UTC, Jörg Prante wrote:

The statement is related to performance and I can't agree with it. You
can easily build a RAID 0 system which has massive I/O throughput
performance and is superior to JBOD, because RAID striping does not slow
things down, it is as always as much as fast than a single drive and in
most RAID levels it is much faster.

In the past, RAID was invented for mirroring cheap and error-prone
spindle disk arrays, while mirrors increase costs but decrease fault
probability.

With Elasticsearch, the decision is if you still want to handle disk
faults by drive redundancy (RAID) and all other hardware faults like power
outages by server downtime. This is just a matter of organization and of
cost. I would suggest from my experience: take control over your complete
hardware setup, equip your systems with expensive SAS2 (or even better)
controllers with RAID 0 to reduce cost and maximize performance, and handle
all kind of hardware faults by server downtime, because ES replica level >
0 allows that.

There is also a simplification of SAN/NAS in the statement but that is a
different discussion. Never use SAN/NAS for ES local gateway.

Jörg

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 7:28 PM, Elvar Böðvarsson elv...@gmail.com
wrote:

Second, "Prefer JBODs for data disks over RAID, SAN/NAS", would be ok,
maybe then to be safe go with 2x replicas, goes well with having 3x nodes

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That is quite scary

Lets say I have 3x nodes each with 4x disks, a total of 12x disks. Two disk
fails would mean a data loss if its set to 1 replicas, with 2 replicas it
would mean no data loss but with the cluster availability of n+1 nodes it
would take down the whole cluster if one disk failsin two hosts.

Maybe It would be smart to split the elasticsearch processes or run two
VM's per host.

https://codeascraft.com/2014/12/04/juggling-multiple-elasticsearch-instances-on-a-single-host/

If I did it like this then each process would have access to 2x disks
meaning if one disk fails only two disks will be unavailable to the cluster
instead of four.

On Monday, December 15, 2014 12:05:18 PM UTC, Mark Walkom wrote:

Unfortunately you lose all data on the node as ES will stripe segments
across the disks/mount points.

On 15 December 2014 at 11:45, Elvar Böðvarsson <elv...@gmail.com
<javascript:>> wrote:

If you have a node that has 4x disks as JBOD and you configure
Elasticsearch to use all of them, so it will write to as like its Raid0.

How does Elasticsearch handle a failure of one disk?
Will the whole node go down or will Elasticsearch continue to function
just with lower total available storage? (and then recreate the shards that
went down)

On Saturday, December 13, 2014 3:48:55 PM UTC, Jörg Prante wrote:

The statement is related to performance and I can't agree with it. You
can easily build a RAID 0 system which has massive I/O throughput
performance and is superior to JBOD, because RAID striping does not slow
things down, it is as always as much as fast than a single drive and in
most RAID levels it is much faster.

In the past, RAID was invented for mirroring cheap and error-prone
spindle disk arrays, while mirrors increase costs but decrease fault
probability.

With Elasticsearch, the decision is if you still want to handle disk
faults by drive redundancy (RAID) and all other hardware faults like power
outages by server downtime. This is just a matter of organization and of
cost. I would suggest from my experience: take control over your complete
hardware setup, equip your systems with expensive SAS2 (or even better)
controllers with RAID 0 to reduce cost and maximize performance, and handle
all kind of hardware faults by server downtime, because ES replica level >
0 allows that.

There is also a simplification of SAN/NAS in the statement but that is a
different discussion. Never use SAN/NAS for ES local gateway.

Jörg

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 7:28 PM, Elvar Böðvarsson elv...@gmail.com
wrote:

Second, "Prefer JBODs for data disks over RAID, SAN/NAS", would be ok,
maybe then to be safe go with 2x replicas, goes well with having 3x nodes

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Hi Jörg,
I'm the author of those slides, and that statement, even when taken out of
context starts with "Prefer",
I don't think I need to explain what prefer means, but just in case ...
Using JBOD will be your safest bet as opposed to using something like RAID
/ SAN/ NAS unless you really know what you're doing.
I never said DON'T EVER use RAID or even SAN|NAS, just "prefer" JBOD.

I do agree with your assessment of RAID 0 below, but do remember that, that
one statement was taken out of context, for full context I suggest you go
through the whole slide deck and better yet the whole talk whose video was
posted on elasticsearch site. I even made a point about some of my
recommendations not being applicable to cloud deployments etc.

As to your point about simplification of NAS|SAN, that's the whole point of
presenting to a wide audience, one simplifies things such that they can be
applied to majority of the cases, and not concentrate on esoteric
deployments :). As to local gateway, that's the only one ES recommends now,
the shared FS, HDFS, S3 gateways were long deprecated.

FWIW I fully agree with your statement on taking control over complete
hardware setup, heck there's a full slide in there dedicated to this point,
titled 'Know your platform'.

At the end of the day, there's no single silver bullet, everyone will have
to evaluate what works best for their situation, what worked for us may not
work well for others. It would be indeed very naive to take my slides as
laws, they are more or less pointers worth exploring. Some may work for you
some won't. They worked fairly well for us.

I might sound a bit defensive here, but hey we did build that cluster and
we're nearing a Trillion documents in it, so I guess we must be doing
something right :).

Bhaskar

On Saturday, December 13, 2014 at 10:48:55 AM UTC-5, Jörg Prante wrote:

The statement is related to performance and I can't agree with it. You can
easily build a RAID 0 system which has massive I/O throughput performance
and is superior to JBOD, because RAID striping does not slow things down,
it is as always as much as fast than a single drive and in most RAID levels
it is much faster.

In the past, RAID was invented for mirroring cheap and error-prone spindle
disk arrays, while mirrors increase costs but decrease fault probability.

With Elasticsearch, the decision is if you still want to handle disk
faults by drive redundancy (RAID) and all other hardware faults like power
outages by server downtime. This is just a matter of organization and of
cost. I would suggest from my experience: take control over your complete
hardware setup, equip your systems with expensive SAS2 (or even better)
controllers with RAID 0 to reduce cost and maximize performance, and handle
all kind of hardware faults by server downtime, because ES replica level >
0 allows that.

There is also a simplification of SAN/NAS in the statement but that is a
different discussion. Never use SAN/NAS for ES local gateway.

Jörg

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 7:28 PM, Elvar Böðvarsson <elv...@gmail.com
<javascript:>> wrote:

Second, "Prefer JBODs for data disks over RAID, SAN/NAS", would be ok,
maybe then to be safe go with 2x replicas, goes well with having 3x nodes

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