UpdateByQuery script update - when does ES update document?

Elastic Stack Elasticsearch
1

For an index with the following mapping:

{
  "item_code": {
    "type": "keyword",
    "index": true,
  },
  "prices": {
    "type": "nested",
    "dynamic": false,
    "properties": {
      "pricing_hash": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "index": true,
      },
      "price": {
        "type": "float",
        "index": true,
      },
      "best_item": {
        "type": "boolean",
        "index": true,
      }
    }
  }
}

Consider the following update query:

POST /items/_update_by_query
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {
          "term": {
            "item_code": "ABC123"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "script": {
    "source": "
int i;
boolean found;
for (new_price in params.new_prices) {
    found = false;
    if (ctx._source.prices == null) {
        ctx._source.prices = [];
    }
    for (i=0; i<ctx._source.prices.length; i++) {
        if (ctx._source.prices[i].pricing_hash == new_price.pricing_hash) {
            new_price.best_item = ctx._source.prices[i].best_item;
            ctx._source.prices[i] = new_price;
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (found == false) {
        ctx._source.prices.add(new_price);
    }
}
",
    "lang": "painless",
    "params": {
      "new_prices": [
        {
          "pricing_hash": "abc12345",
          "price": 1.99,
          "best_item": true
        },
        {
          "pricing_hash": "def12345",
          "price": 2.99,
          "best_item": true
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

(script indented for clarity).

If I'm indexing multiple prices into the same nested field in the same document, would ES internally save the document once at the end? Or every time a new price is changed or appended?

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