What are the common situations in which primary shard goes down

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Hi,
I am doing a case study, and i would want to know the situations in which primary shard goes down, which can cause data loss and how to avoid them.

Thanks

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In a properly configured cluster if a primary shard fails then a replica will take over and there will be no loss of data. The commonest situation that leads to the loss of data is where the cluster is not properly configured: either it has indices with index.number_of_replicas: 0 or else it has unassigned replica shards and its health is reported as yellow. In that case a hardware failure on a node (e.g. a broken disk) leads to data loss.

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