Looks like the program can't find the host called kafka-broker, but in your yaml file it is trying to bootstrap kafka on localhost right? Maybe try switching from kafka-broker to localhost? Just a guess.
I do not have kafka running these days, but it could be that the list of hosts for that topic in the bootstrap server has a hostname that logstash cannot resolve. Perhaps the bootstrap server should be configured to return an FQDN.
What is the advertised.listeners of your Kafka Cluster?
The bootstrap_servers in Logstash will get the the list of host from the configured server and this list will be the configured advertised.listeners, it is probably related to what @Badger mentioned.
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