I had a single node default "Elasticsearch" cluster so far. It had one index and two alias associated with that curl -s -X PUT $elasticsearchURL/$indexName?pretty -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"settings":{"index":{"number_of_shards" : 1,"number_of_replicas" : 1}}}'
As you see I have shards as 1. So far I had only single node. So I didnt bother about shards.
Now I have created three nodes cluster with two new nodes together with previous node. I guess same index will get replicated in other two nodes with single shard once it joined cluster
You can add more replicas, which is useful for both querying and redundancy. You can also look to use the _split endpoint to create more primary shards for the existing index, this is useful for indexing throughput.
Ultimately it comes to what sort of data you have, and what you do with it.
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