That access denied issue is fixed in 8.5.3 but should only be logged on shutdown -- well after the true cause of the node shutdown. If you want to get rid of this error you can change the image tag for elasticsearch to the 8.5.3 tag.
Can you please share the full Elasticsearch node log?
In addition, both the helm chart and 8.5.* have been end of life for quite some time. If you're setting up a new cluster you should consider using the ECK operator helm charts and the latest versions of 8 -- ie 8.17.