I'm going to ES of my application (it's large) from version 5.3 to 7.7
I have to fix my application codes, finding difference between the two versions.
Elastic documentation has many Breaking changes pages, corresponding to every minor upgrades (not only every major upgrades).
Look at deprecation log, an amazing wonder of Elasticsearch - it tells you if you are using things that will go away BUT from v5 to v7 it may not look are enough ahead, so you probably have to fix stuff and get to V6 (ideally 6.8, which has more pre-7 checks) to look at things that need to be fixed to V7.
You have to go 5->6->7 anyway so that log should help a lot. Also, yes, the breaking changes notes should be reviewed for the areas you use; you might also build a small or tiny test cluster to run the app against for various API checks/tests.
Seems not available in 5.x; thought it was. Then as Mark says, build test cluster to run against, and read the docs - hopefully your use is simple; biggest thing often the doc types going away.
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